PHỤC HỒI CHỨC NĂNG, LUYỆN TẬP THỂ LỰC VÀ ÂM NGỮ TRỊ LIỆU TRONG BỆNH PARKINSON

Abstract

Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that impairs motor function, balance, communication, swallowing and quality of life. This narrative review summarizes the role of rehabilitation, physical exercise, and speech-language therapy in comprehensive Parkinson's disease management and suggests clinically applicable strategies. Relevant evidence was synthesized from clinical practice guidelines, physical exercise, gait and balance rehabilitation, speech-language therapy, dysphagia management, and telerehabilitation. Current evidence supports early, continuous, and individualized rehabilitation. Aerobic, resistance, and balance training, gait rehabilitation, external cueing strategies, Lee Silverman voice treatment LOUD (LSVT LOUD), and telerehabilitation have different roles according to disease stage, predominant symptoms and access to services. In resource-limited settings, a core package may include self-management education, a home-based exercise plan, fall-risk assessment, speech and swallowing screening, and timely referral to specialized rehabilitation when indicated.