ĐẶC ĐIỂM VÀ SỰ BIẾN ĐỔI CỦA BẠCH CẦU, MỘT SỐ CHỈ SỐ LIÊN QUAN BẠCH CẦU TRÊN NGƯỜI BỆNH NHIỄM KHUẨN HUYẾT

Abstract

Objectives: To investigate the characteristics and dynamic changes of leukocytes and leukocyte-related indices, including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and neutrophil-to-platelet ratio (NPR), in patients with sepsis. Methods: A retrospective, descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 399 patients diagnosed with sepsis at Military Hospital 103 from January 2023 to July 2025. Results: The overall mortality rate was 20.1%. At hospital admission, leukocyte-related indices were significantly higher in the non-survivor group compared with the survivor group: NLR (15.61 vs. 8.58) and PLR (297.35 vs. 195.10) (p < 0.01), and MLR (1.28 vs. 1.05; p < 0.05). After 48 hours of treatment, the non-survivor group showed a marked increase in NLR (33.46) and NPR (9.57), accompanied by a significant decline in platelet count (p < 0.01). In contrast, the survivor group demonstrated significant improvement, with decreases in NLR, PLR, MLR, and NPR (p < 0.01), along with a significant increase in lymphocyte count (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Ratio-based indices (NLR, PLR, and MLR) provide better early warning value than leukocyte count alone at hospital admission. The dynamic increase of NLR and NPR after 48 hours of treatment may serve as reliable indicators for predicting mortality risk in patients with sepsis.