BÁO CÁO CA LÂM SÀNG: BỆNH CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB

Abstract

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) is a rare, progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is typically fatal within one year of clinical onset. The disease's pathogenesis is caused by prion proteins. The global incidence of CJD is approximately 1-2 cases per million population. To date, there is no effective treatment for CJD. Early diagnosis plays a crucial role in providing optimal palliative care for patients. We report a case of a 58-year-old female patient who presented one month before hospital admission with sudden onset headache, dizziness, and focal seizures affecting the right hand. Her clinical symptoms rapidly progressed to impaired consciousness, memory dysfunction, cerebellar ataxia, and dysarthria. Brain MRI revealed hyperintense signals in the left cerebral cortex and right frontal lobe. Electroencephalography (EEG) showed periodic slow waves and triphasic waves. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis detected the presence of the 14-3-3 protein. The patient was diagnosed with probable CJD and received symptomatic treatment, including neuroprotective and nutritional support. Upon discharge, she was provided with instructions for care and treatment at the local healthcare level.