KẾT QUẢ CHĂM SÓC BỆNH NHÂN ÁP XE GAN ĐIỀU TRỊ TẠI BỆNH VIỆN TRUNG ƯƠNG QUÂN ĐỘI 108

Abstract

Aim: To present a clinical, laboratory, microbiological profile and the nursing care of patients with liver abscesses at Hospital 108. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study examined 196 patients diagnosed with hepatic abscesses treated at Hospital 108 from January 2018 to August 2023. Results: The mean age was 57.8 ± 16.0 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 3.1/1. Frequently associated comorbidities are diabetes mellitus (28.1%), hypertension (14.3%), and gallstones (7.8%). Epidemiological risk factors include irregular deworming practices (99%), consumption of raw vegetables (49%), intake of raw salads (44.9%), and inadequate hand hygiene following restroom use (44.9%). The classic Fontan's triad was identified in 26% of patients. Liver abscesses were predominantly situated in the right lobe (74.0%), primarily as solitary abscesses (82.6%), with an average size of 63.3 ± 29.1 mm, and the largest documented abscess measured 172 mm. Bacterial isolates were detected in 63 patients, with Klebsiella being the most prevalent (80.9%), followed by E. coli (7.9%). Nursing activities achieved good results in many aspects, including monitoring complications and timely treatment (94.9%); delivering medications as ordered on time (91.8%); instructions on dietary, activities,  and rest (91.8%); instructions on patients to proper medication usage (98.5%). Some activites are still below expectation, such as changing bed sheets and assisting with personal hygiene (83.7%); counseling on the disease, psychological care and reassurance (85.7%). In conclusion, liver abscess is an acute infectious condition, typically found in elderly individuals with underlying diseases, more common in males, and directly related to unsanitary lifestyle habits. The primary cause is Gram-negative bacteria, and imaging diagnosis is an effective diagnostic tool. Good patient care and monitoring play important roles in the recovery of patients.