MỐI LIÊN QUAN GIỮA THIẾU MÁU VỚI MỘT SỐ ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG Ở BỆNH NHÂN SAU GHÉP THẬN TẠI BỆNH VIỆN QUÂN Y 103

Abstract

(1) Objective: This study aims to delineate the characteristics of anemia in patients beyond 12 months post-kidney transplant under treatment surveillance at Military Hospital 103 and analyze the correlation between the degree of anemia and specific clinical characteristics in these individuals. (2) Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study involving 123 post-kidney transplant patients, monitored for over 12 months from October 2022 to May 2023. (3) Results: The mean age of participants was 41.93 ± 11.42 years, with a male/female ratio of 1.2/1. Notably, 13.8% and 25.2% of patients were transplanted preemptively before dialysis and maintained follow-up for more than 10 years post-transplant, respectively. The majority of patients (52.8%) exhibited mild anemia, characterized by normal-sized red blood cells (72.4%) and isochromic features (54.5%). The degree of anemia demonstrated statistically significant differences among BMI groups and blood pressure control (p<0.05). A low BMI below 18.5 emerged as an independent risk factor associated with the degree of anemia in patients after kidney transplantation, with an odds ratio of 3.633 and p < 0.05. (4) Conclusion: Anemia remains a prevalent issue in post-kidney transplant patients, primarily presenting as mild in severity, characterized by normochromic, normocytic features. The study highlights the association between undercontrolled hypertension and post-transplant anemia, emphasizing that a low BMI below 18.5 independently contributes as a significant risk factor for severe anemia.