THỰC TRẠNG VIÊM LỢI VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN Ở TRẺ 3 - 5 TUỔI TẠI XÃ LAO CHẢI, TUYÊN QUANG

Abstract

Objectives: To assess the prevalence of gingivitis, the maturity level of dental plaque (ΔR), and associated factors among children aged 3 - 5 years in Lao Chai commune, Tuyen Quang in 2026. Methods:A prospectivecross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 255 children (124 males, 131 females) recruited from the Kindergarten, Lao Chai commune, Tuyen Quang, between December 2025 and February 2026. Data were collected through clinical examinations and questionnaires. Clinical examination was performed using the gingival index (GI), and red fluorescence intensity (ΔR) was measured using a Quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) device. Information on oral hygiene behaviors was collected. Results:Gingivitis was predominantly mild to moderate (grade 1: 37.65%; grade 2: 57.65%) with no significant difference between sexes (p>0.05). ΔR values were significantly higher in males than in females (58.67±6.31%; 50.23 ± 5.89%; p < 0.0001) and were significantly higher in the mandibular arch than in the maxillary arch (60.32±6.12%; 48.34 ± 5.91%; p < 0,0001). ΔR values primarily ranged from 50 - 70%, reflecting moderate to high plaquematurity. A high proportion of children did not practice regular toothbrushing or attend periodic dental check-ups.Conclusion: Gingivitis and dental plaque among preschool children in the study area are at alarming levels. These conditions are closely associated with poor oral hygiene behaviors and limited access to dental care services. There is an urgent need to implement school-based oral health programs and strengthen health education and preventive measures, particularly in remote and underserved areas, to improve children’s oral health.