VAI TRÒ CỦA CỘNG HƯỞNG TỪ THƯỜNG QUY VÀ KHUẾCH TÁN TRONG ĐÁNH GIÁ PHÂN BẬC U THẦN KINH ĐỆM TRÊN LỀU Ở TRẺ EM

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the imaging characteristics and the role of conventional and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in grading supratentorial gliomas in children. Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 63 pediatric patients with supratentorial gliomas who underwent MRI and had histopathological confirmation at the National Children’s Hospital and Viet Duc University Hospital from October 2023 to November 2025. Imaging features on conventional and diffusion MRI were analyzed and correlated with histopathological results. Results: High-grade gliomas (HGGs) exhibited larger tumor size, ill-defined margins, necrosis, intratumoral hemorrhage, corpus callosum invasion, midline crossing, heterogeneous contrast enhancement, peritumoral edema, and greater mass effect, and had significantly lower ADC values compared with low-grade gliomas (LGGs) (p < 0.05). Corpus callosum invasion and midline crossing showed high specificity (92.68%), whereas heterogeneous contrast enhancement demonstrated high sensitivity (90.91%). ADCmin and rADCmin yielded high diagnostic performance with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.975 and 0.925, respectively, at cut-off values of 0.641 × 10^-3 mm²/s and 1.16. Conclusion: Conventional and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging provide valuable diagnostic value in grading supratentorial gliomas in pediatric patients.