STUDY ON MICROBIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND ANTIBIOTICS RESISTANCE LEVELS OF BACTERIA CAUSING COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA IN CHILDREN WITH INITIAL TREATMENT FAILURE AT DONG THAP GENERAL HOSPITAL
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Abstract
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of microbial agents and antibiotic resistance patterns of bacteria causing community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children with initial treatment failure. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 98 children aged 2 months to < 16 years diagnosed with CAP who failed initial empirical antibiotic therapy after 72 hours from June 2024 to May 2025 at Dong Thap General Hospital. Nasotracheal aspiration (NTA) specimens were collected for bacterial pathogens culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing. Results: The culture-positive rate was 51.0% (50/98). The predominant isolated bacteria were H. influenzae (38.0%), S. pneumoniae (22.0%), and S. aureus (22.0%). High resistance rates were observed: H. influenzae resistance to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (94.7%) and ampicillin (89.5%); S. pneumoniae resistance to erythromycin (100%); 100% of isolated S. aureus strains were methicillin-resistant (MRSA). However, S. pneumoniae and S. aureus remained highly susceptible to vancomycin and linezolid (100%). Conclusion: H. influenzae, S. pneumoniae, and S. aureus are the leading bacterial pathogens isolated by culture in children with CAP and initial treatment failure, exhibiting alarmingly high resistance rates to commonly used empirical antibiotics.
Keywords
Community-acquired pneumonia, Initial treatment failure, Bacteria culture, Antibiotic resistance, Pediatric patient
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References
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