EVALUATION OF THE IMPACT ON BLOOD LIPID METABOLISM AND ADVERSE EFFECTS OF ORAL AND TRANSDERMAL ESTROGEN IN FROZEN EMBRYO TRANSFER CYCLES
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Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate changes in blood lipid parameters and adverse effects of oral and transdermal estrogen administration during endometrial preparation for frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles. Methods: A retrospective, descriptive, comparative study was conducted on 48 patients undergoing FET at the Military Institute of Clinical Embryology and Histology from 2022 - 2023. Participants were randomly assigned into two groups: Oral estradiol valerate (6 - 8 mg/day) and transdermal 17β-estradiol gel (4.5 - 6 mg/day). Blood lipid parameters, including serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), were measured before and after 10 - 12 days of estrogen administration; adverse effects and clinical outcomes were also observed. Results: The oral estradiol group showed mild increases in TC (from 5.02 ± 0.71 to 5.26 ± 0.74 mmol/L; p < 0.05) and TG (from 1.38 ± 0.35 to 1.52 ± 0.41 mmol/L; p < 0.05), whereas the transdermal group showed no significant lipid changes (p > 0.05).. Mild adverse effects were reported in 16.6% of oral users and 8.3% of transdermal users, Endometrial thickness (9.7 ± 0.9mm vs. 9.6 ± 0.8mm) and β-hCG positivity rates (59.1% vs. 56.0%) were comparable (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Transdermal estrogen achieved equivalent endometrial preparation efficacy compared to oral estrogen, while exerting minimal effects on lipid metabolism and causing fewer adverse effects.
Keywords
Estrogen, Estradiol, Frozen embryo transfer, Blood lipid, Adverse effects
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References
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