CORRELATION OF SERUM ANTI-MULLERIAN HORMONE LEVELS WITH MATURE OOCYTE COUNT AND BLASTOCYST FORMATION IN IN VITRO FERTILIZATION CYCLES

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the correlation between serum anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels and the total number of oocytes, the proportion of mature oocytes, and the proportion of good-quality blastocysts. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted on 435 women (18 - 45 years of age) undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) at the Military Institute of Clinical Embryology and Histology from June 2023 to December 2024. Patients were divided into four groups: Women < 35 years old with low AMH (< 1.2 ng/mL, n = 60) and normal AMH (≥ 1.2 ng/mL, n = 119), and women ≥ 35 years old with low AMH (n = 96) and normal AMH (n = 160). Results: The antral follicles count (AFC) was significantly higher in the normal AMH group compared to the low AMH group (16.33 ± 6.24 vs. 8.83 ± 4.26, p < 0.001) among women < 35 years, and (12.92 ± 6.29 vs. 7.26 ± 3.46, p < 0.001) among women ≥ 35 years. The median number of mature oocytes (MII) was higher in the normal AMH group (8 vs. 4 oocytes) in women < 35 years, and (6 vs. 3 oocytes) in women ≥ 35 years. The median number of usable blastocysts differed significantly (p < 0.001) between low and normal AMH groups: 2 vs. 4 blastocysts in women < 35 years, and 1 vs. 3 blastocysts in women ≥ 35 years. However, the proportions of mature oocytes and blastocyst formation showed no significant differences across the groups. Conclusion: Serum AMH levels were positively correlated with the number of mature oocytes and usable blastocysts, but were not significantly associated with oocyte or blastocyst quality in IVF cycles.