ĐẶC ĐIỂM NGỨA VÀ CÁC YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN Ở BỆNH NHÂN THẬN NHÂN TẠO CHU KỲ TẠI BỆNH VIỆN TRUNG ƯƠNG THÁI NGUYÊN

Abstract

Objectives: To identify the characteristics of pruritus using the 5D-Elman scale in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis and to analyze associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 219 maintenance hemodialysis patients at Thai Nguyen National Hospital from March to July 2025. Pruritus was assessed using the 5D-Itch scale (Elman). Results: Pruritus was present in 69.9% of patients, mainly affecting the abdomen, back, thighs, and legs; 50.9% experienced itching in five or more body regions. The severity was predominantly moderate to severe, with 43.4% reporting itching < 6 hours per day. Pruritus significantly impacted sleep quality. Factors associated with pruritus severity included age (B = 0.07; p = 0.018), hypertension (B = 3.43; p = 0.006), diabetes mellitus (B = 4.93; p = 0.001), serum phosphorus (B = 2.03; p = 0.005), WBC count (B = 0.51; p = 0.016), and PTH level (B = 0.02; p = 0.021). Conclusion: Pruritus is a common symptom in hemodialysis patients and is associated with multiple clinical and laboratory factors, highlighting the need for a comprehensive approach to assessment and management to improve quality of life.