ĐÁNH GIÁ ĐẶC ĐIỂM THIẾU MÁU TRONG 6 THÁNG ĐẦU SAU GHÉP VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN Ở BỆNH NHÂN GHÉP THẬN TẠI BỆNH VIỆN QUÂN Y 103

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence of anemia during the first six months after kidney transplantation and its association with selected clinical and paraclinical characteristics in patients undergoing kidney transplantation. Methods: A combined retrospective and prospective study was conducted on 258 patients who successfully underwent kidney transplantation between January 2022 and January 2025 at Military Hospital 103. Anemia prevalence was assessed at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months post-transplant. Results: The prevalence of anemia progressively decreased from 92.24% at 1 week to 68.6% at 1 month, 39.53% at 3 months, and 23.26% at 6 months. Most cases were mild normocytic normochromic anemia; polycythemia was observed in 5.04% of patients. At 6 months post-transplant, female patients and those with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min had significantly lower hemoglobin levels compared with other groups (p < 0.05). Patients’ age and post-transplant eGFR were independent predictors of anemia, with odds ratios of 0.97 and 0.96, respectively (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Anemia was highly prevalent during the first six months after kidney transplantation, although the prevalence decreased over time. At 6 months, anemia persisted in 23.26% of patients and was associated with female sex, reduced eGFR, and older age.