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Chemical composition and biological activity of Allium tuberosum leaf essential oil
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Abstract
Objective: To investigate the chemical composition and evaluate biological activity of Allium tuberosum leaf essential oil. Methods: The essential oil was hydrodistilled from materials using a Clevenger-type apparatus in accordance with the US Pharmacopoeia. The essential oil composition was analyzed using GC-MS. The antimicrobial activity of essential oil was evaluated by microdilution method while the cytotoxicity of the oil was evaluated by SRB test. Results: 23 components were identified in the essential oil through GC-MS analysis, accounting for 82.67% of the total oil. The identified components consisted of sulfide compounds. The antimicrobial activity evaluation results indicated that A. tuberosum essential oil exhibited potent antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis, and Salmonella enterica (MIC = 128 µg/ml). However, its antimicrobial effects on Escherichia coli and Candida albicans were found to be weaker (MIC = 256 µg/ml). The essential oil also exhibited cytotoxic effects on the cancer cell lines MCF-7 (Human breast cancer), SK-LU-1 (Human lung cancer), and HepG2 (Human liver cancer), with IC50 values ranging from 33.8 to 50.16 µg/mL. Conclusion: The study has clarified the chemical composition of A. tuberosum essential oil as well as shown the potential application of essential oils in treating infections as well as searching for compounds that can cause cancer cell toxicity.
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Keywords
Allium tuberosum, GC-MS, sulfide, antimicrobial, cytotoxicity
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