MỘT SỐ BẤT THƯỜNG CỦA THÔNG ĐỘNG - TĨNH MẠCH TỰ THÂN VÀ CÁC YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN Ở BỆNH NHÂN LỌC MÁU CHU KỲ TẠI BỆNH VIỆN TRUNG ƯƠNG THÁI NGUYÊN

Abstract

Objective: The study aims to identify common complications of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) and analyze related factors.

Research Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 244 hemodialysis patients using AVF from January to June 2024 at Thai Nguyen National Hospital. Data on patient characteristics, AVF morphology, and clinical factors were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to find correlations.

Results: Among the 244 patients, 58.6% were male and 41.4% were female, with an average age of 56.6±15.2 years. Approximately 18.5% had a BMI <18.5. The average duration of dialysis was 5.7±4.4 years. The average weight gain between sessions was 2.1 ± 0.8 kg. The average albumin concentration was 37.4±3.8 g/L. The fistula was primarily in the left arm (78.7%), with wrist and snuffbox positions accounting for 71.7%. The complication rate was 29.1%, with aneurysm at 53.5%, arterial stenosis at 18.3%, and infection at 2.8%. Patients with higher BMI had a reduced risk of complications (OR=0.58; p=0.014), while longer dialysis duration increased the risk (OR=1.12; p<0.001). Higher albumin levels reduced the risk of AVF complications (OR=0.89; p=0.016).

Conclusion: The complication rate of AVF is relatively high. Dialysis duration, BMI, and albumin levels affect complications. Nutritional interventions and monitoring long-term patients may reduce complications. Cohort and multi-center studies are needed to confirm these factors.